The First Roman Ruler
100- 44BC
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- Julius Caesar was born to nobles. His father was Gaius Julius Caesar who governed in the province of Asia, and he was a nephew to the famous Roman general Marius.
- After his father died, he had himself nominated as the high priest of Jupiter until Sulla declared himself the dictator of the Roman republic and he was forced to flee Rome.
- Having no way to support himself, he became a soldier where he distinguished himself in battle.
- After Sulla died, he returned to Rome and began practice as a lawyer and became an eloquent speaker.
- Politically, Caesar excelled and positioned himself with Pompey and Crassus, which allowed him to enter into governing Spain and gain control of the Spanish legion.
- Growing in power, he ruled over the Roman Republic alongside Pompey and Crassus.
- Seeking more power and prestige, he marched the Roman legion through Gaul (modern-day Germany), crushing the barbarian tribes and extending the reach of Rome all the way into Britain.
- During his conquest, Crassus died, and Pompey turned on Caesar calling him back to Rome as a private citizen. Caesar instead returned crossing the Rubicon with his legions asserting himself as the sole leader in 49 BC.
- He consolidated power through hunting down Pompey and then defeating the Egyptians in 47 BC. While in Egypt, he developed a relationship with Cleopatra.
- After returning to Rome, he instituted reforms that helped the common people and waged war to secure Asia Minor.
- He was assassinated in 44 BC and was eventually succeeded by his adopted nephew Octavius (Caesar Augustus).
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